How it Works Turbocharger

 

I want to tell you a little about the turbo charger to teman2 gentlemen.

A turbo is able to improve horse power engine with instant without the need to add much to the weight of the vehicle itself. That's the advantage turbo cause this thing is very popular.

Turbocharger is a type of forced induction system (forced induction system) or in other words a system that forces turbo or compress air into the combustion chamber. The advantage of compressing the air makes the engine is getting more air in the combustion chamber, the amount of air the more fuel that can also be included. Therefore we can get more energy from any resulting explosion in the combustion chamber.

Usually pressure (boost) that can be given turbocharger is approximately 6-8 pounds per square inch (PSI), while the normal atmospheric pressure is 14.7 psi at sea level. It can be seen that we can get about 50% more air to the engine. So can diekspektasikan that we will get 50% more power. But it is not benar2 efficient, so added that if it got only about 30-40%. The inefficiency comes from the energy used to rotate the turbine is not free. Presence in the turbine exhaust increases the frictional forces in the flue gas. This means that the exhaust step, the machine must strive to encourage the kick-back from the flue gas.

 

 Turbo charger is usually mounted on the exhaust tract (exhaust manifold) of the machine. Exhaust gases from the combustion chamber will rotate turbines that exist so that it works just like a turbo gas turbines. The turbine itself is connected to the compressor by a connecting rod which we call the shaft. It is located next to the compressor and the turbine is usually positioned between the air filter and air intake (intake manifold). This is the task of the compressor to squeeze air into the piston.

Exhaust gases passing through the turbine blade will cause the turbine rotates. The more exhaust gases passing through the turbine fans will be faster the fan spins. Elsewhere, there are fan turbine compressor that pumps air into the combustion chamber. This type of compressor is a centrifugal pump (pump in a circular motion).

 

   Turbo is able to rotate up to 150,000 rpm. This is an exceptional round of sadistic, most bearings will explode when the weight of up to 150,000 RPM rotary, so most turbochargers use a fluid bearing. This type of bearing supports that there is always a layer of oil around the connecting rod (shaft) turbine with compressor fan. The advantages of this fluid can cool the bearing connecting rod (shaft) and some parts of turbocharger and fluid bearing can support shaft to spin without much friction.

What happens when the pressure (boost) is too big?

With air being pumped into the combustion chamber by pressure turbocharger and then in compression by the piston knock danger symptoms will occur. Knocking happens because as the air pressure, air temperature will go up. This temperature rise will cause fuel explosion occurred before the spark plug fires memantikkan. Vehicles with turbochargers typically use fuel with a higher octane to prevent knocking. If the resulting pressure turbocharger really high, the compression ratio of the engine can be reduced to avoid knocking symptoms.

One of the main problems with this turbo turbocharger is not able to provide rapid energy boost or an instant when we stepped on the gas. It took roughly one second for the turbine generate speed before the desired compressed air created. The result is a lag (delay or delay) when we stepped on the gas but after a while there was a jolt of encouragement that occurs suddenly when the turbo starts to work.

One way to reduce the lag of a turbo is to reduce inertia (inertia) of a rotating object such as by reducing the burden of these components. This can make the turbine and compressor accelerates faster and faster to provide encouragement. One attempt to reduce the inertia of the turbine and compressor is to make the turbocharger smaller. Small turbocharger will provide boost more quickly even when low engine speeds, but the small turbocharger is not able to gave the impetus to the high-speed engine which here takes a lot to put air into the combustion chamber. This situation also be a danger if the fan and compressor turbine spins too fast on high speed machines.
Most vehicles use a wastegate turbocharger must be contained, which serves to smaller turbocharger to reduce lag when the fan spins too fast on high speed machines. Wastegate is a valve that can be passed without the exhaust gases passing through the turbine fan. Wastegate to reduce boost pressure. If the pressure is high at the time, it can mean the turbine is spinning very quickly, so the wastegate duty to pass gas turbine exhaust of the fan so that the fan can be slowed turbine spins.

Some turbo is using ball bearings instead of fluid bearings to support the turbine shaft. But this is not the usual ball bearings, precision ball bearings and is made ​​of a material that is able to handle the speed and temperature of the turbocharger. Usually used connecting rod (shaft) that is lightweight and small in helping turbocharger to accelerate faster and reduce turbo lag.